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Labor Insurance Program 1. Insured Units and Insured Persons
Labor insurance is a group insurance. All units
The labor insurance program was established eligible for coverage should join the program,
in March 1950; during the initial stage, it only insuring their employees. Labor insurance
issued cash benefits. In July 1956, inpatient is divided into compulsory insurance and
medical benefits were added, followed by voluntary insurance. Under the compulsory
outpatient medical benefits in 1970. In 1979, insurance category, all the workers, aged
labor insurance was classified into ordinary above 15 and below 65, working in a
accident insurance and occupational accident company, enterprise, and institution with 5 or
insurance. On March 1, 1995, the responsibility more employees, employees of government
of providing medical-care benefits of ordinary agencies or public or private schools who
accident insurance was transferred to the are not legally entitled to join the civil servant
Bureau of National Health Insurance (which and teacher insurance program, workers
was revamped as the National Health employed in fishing production, members of
Insurance Administration, Ministry of Health an occupational union who have no definite
and Welfare) after the national health insurance employer or who are self-employed, and
program was established. On January 1, 1999, fishermen who belong to Class A of fishermen's
the business of unemployment benefits of associations are required to join. Candidates
labor insurance was implemented. On January participating on a voluntary basis include
1, 2003, after the Employment Insurance persons employed in occupations outside of
Law was promulgated, the business of those mentioned in the paragraph 1 of Article
unemployment benefits was separated from 6 of the Labor Insurance Act, employers
the labor insurance program and merged into concurrently engaged in laboring services,
the employment insurance program. persons employed in enterprises which
Amendments to some articles in the Labor have less than 5 employees in occupations,
Insurance Act were passed at the Legislative seamen serving in vessels abroad who are
Yuan on July 17, 2008, and announced by members of the Chinese Seamen's Union
the President on August 13 of the same year, or the Association of Chinese Ship owners,
followed by the Executive Yuan's official persons who are under military service, sent
promulgation that January 1, 2009 was the abroad for investigation, research, or providing
enforcement date of the labor insurance services, during injury or sick leave without
pension program. pay—injured or sick for a period of less than
1 year owing to ordinary accidents, or absent
Labor insurance benefits payment is divided from work for a period of less than 2 years
into two main categories: ordinary accident as a result of occupational accidents; insured
insurance and occupational accident insurance. persons who have withdrawn from the program
Ordinary accident insurance includes five kinds due to separation from employment but have
of cash benefits: maternity, injury or sickness, not applied for old-age benefits and have
permanent disability, old-age and survivor resumed working after reaching the age of
benefits, while occupational accident insurance 65, are detained or suspended from work on
provides three types of benefits payable in account of a court case before the decision
cash, which are injury or sickness, permanent of the court is announced, have been laid
disability, and survivor benefits, plus medical off and not entitled to claim old-age benefits,
benefits.
Chapter Two Profile of Labor Insurance and Labor Protection Programs 7
